Synthesis and Pharmacological Characterization of Novel Glucagon-like Peptide-2 (GLP-2) Analogues with Low Systemic Clearance

J Med Chem. 2016 Apr 14;59(7):3129-39. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01909. Epub 2016 Mar 25.

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor agonists have therapeutic potential for the treatment of intestinal diseases. The native hGLP-2, a 33 amino acid gastrointestinal peptide, is not a suitable clinical candidate, due to its very short half-life in humans. In search of GLP-2 receptor agonists with better pharmacokinetic characteristics, a series of GLP-2 analogues containing Gly substitution at position 2, norleucine in position 10, and hydrophobic substitutions in positions 11 and/or 16 was designed and synthesized. In vitro receptor potency at the human GLP-2, selectivity vs the human GLP-1 and GCG receptors, and PK profile in rats were determined for the new analogues. A number of compounds more potent at the hGLP-2R than the native hormone, showing excellent receptor selectivity and very low systemic clearance (CL) were discovered. Analogues 69 ([Gly(2),Nle(10),D-Thi(11),Phe(16)]hGLP-2-(1-30)-NH2), 72 ([Gly(2),Nle(10),D-Phe(11),Leu(16)]hGLP-2-(1-33)-OH), 73 ([Gly(2),Nle(10),D-Phe(11),Leu(16)]hGLP-2-(1-33)-NH2), 81 ([Gly(2),Nle(10),D-Phe(11),Leu(16)]hGLP-2-(1-33)-NHEt), and 85 ([Gly(2),Nle(10),D-Phe(11),Leu(16)]hGLP-2-(1-33)-NH-((CH2)2O)4-(CH2)2-CONH2) displayed the desired profiles (EC50 (hGLP-2R) < 100 pM, CL in rat <0.3 mL/min/kg, selective vs hGLP-1R and hGCGR). Compound 73 (FE 203799) was selected as a candidate for clinical development.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic
  • Drug Stability
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 / agonists*
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 / chemistry
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor / metabolism
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 Receptor / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Intestine, Small / drug effects
  • Intestine, Small / growth & development
  • Male
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Norleucine / chemistry
  • Peptides / chemistry*
  • Peptides / pharmacokinetics
  • Peptides / pharmacology*
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Structure-Activity Relationship*

Substances

  • GLP1R protein, human
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 2
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 Receptor
  • Peptides
  • Norleucine